Improvement in windmills



e. sQsTRoNG.- wrNnmLLs.

No. '194,314h` -Patented Aug. 21,1877.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STRONG, SPRDTGFIELD, OHIO.

ynvlpnovrswnanr IN wINnMlLLs.

Speiiiation forming `part of Letters Patent No. 194,314, dated August 21, 1877; application filed "June`20,1e77.

T0 all whom it may veneer "Be'itknenn theeLGeeeee S- STRONG, of Springfield, county of Clarke, State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements `in indmills, of Vwhiclnthe following ise fell, clear, and elieet deseriptien, refer- QIICQ being hadto theiaccompanying" drawinse, making part ofY ,this epeeifeeien, in

Figure l :is a perspective view of my imrrevei `wird .mill er engine- Fis-*Z represente .e eeetieetlireugh the'tibeler bearing ef the vertical 'swivelingshlafft of the mill; and Eis 3 .is e perepeetive View ef elle" ef :the clamps for connecting thefan-wheel' with its supporting-arms? i i givimilar letters of reference denote 'corre-` spending parte whelere seed- Myevenfiee .relates te the? eleeeef wird mille er engines ,ie which 'the .Wind-Wheel ie adapted V*Je bedeileeei by ,die feree ef the wilndfrem e pesiee t, ei' eeerly'et, ,e right angle to the tail-vane, to one at `or nearlyin e .lire parallel with seid vane, ,for throwing it est ef "therme er" 911115 ,0f ,eeeiel es required; epd .it (QnSjSts, first, inf the combination', "with e Wheel arrete, ee deefe. bed, ef fev sliding' weight, `adapted -toV befm'ved automatieelly beek and `terbil, er eut .and in, on" its euDpering-erm by the' mevemeeteef ehe Wheeliteelffin erich meneer that, .es "the Shaft 0f ewwheel pis ,deemed from e i. .een in line,or,thereabout, with 4 the vane, th `resisteeee te ite fereher ,ieeetibn willtbe'ieteedly increased, eed" 'vee vereaee herellefter eX- plained. It further consists `-in apovel con. Sweeties 0f the .refiiel ,eme ef "fhefwisd- Wheel, vherebygreater strength ie Secured with lesszwcight of material than as "ordinarily eenetreeted, ,Seid etree .eereetieg ef e eie'ele liebt .red .Secured iet itefeeeter vferneing the enter en@ `of the eer, eed henne its two ends" connectedwith the central hule er` hehe, .ee will be explained; 'it further eee sists ina novel cons trnctiolnlof clamps i'or coneeeting therheel .with te reeiel'feupverting'- eres.; 'it `.further wusste m meltiegth'e lever bearing of the 'vertical swivelinjgshaft `of ,elle ,windmill eeeieeler heleepherieel 111 ferm for Jtliepurp'ose oi" moreperfectly"centering preferred form orconstruction of tower may the'nnill i'sto be used.

B is` the baseplate of the lower fixed portion ofthe turn-tablefrigidly secured to .the top of the tower or uprights A, and having be employed adapted to the purpose'i'or which the centrally-arranged pendent cylinder B1,`

in which are the `bearings for the vertical spindle on which the wheel swings, the lower bearings b therefor being `formed by contracting the lower end oi' the cylinder into a hemispherical or inverted conical concavity, in which the lower end of the tubular spindle G, made in corresponding form, is stepped, as shown in Fig. 2.`4 Theb'earing or step b Vis thus made to take the weight of thewheel and its attachments, and is adapted by its form to support said weight and permit the freeturning ofthe spindle with the smallest possible amount of friction.

vI hel upper bearing b1 is formed in a hub or enlargement, B2, ofthe cylinder B1, above the platefB, a hub or colla-nc, on the spindle (lat that point resting in said bearing and prevent inglateral movement or play of the spindle. These bearings are, by preierence,`made `first of brass or some other anti-friction metal, 1and are then placed in the mold for the castingB B1, and the metal for thelatter is cast around them, and, fusing or uniting therewith, a per, manent antifriction bearing is form-cdV in a cheap but substantial manner. The lbearing points or surfaces on the spindle, matching the bearings above described, are cast on alohill by means of iron chill-plates placed in the mold. f j The hub or enlargement B2 is provided with an' annular groove on its Upper end or face lat b2, Afor containing lubricating material, and this is coveredbya similarly-grooved inverted cap plate,"O/, on thel hollow spindle C.

The yokeD,'in which the bearings for thc main driving-shaft E and piston-rod are formed, and to which the tail-vane is pivoted, and the wheel F itself, except in particulars hereinafter specified, are substantially the same in construction and arrangement as are shown and described in former patents to me, and they need not, therefore, be here described in detail.

The tail-vane G is connected with the yoke at its rear face, opposite to the wheel F, by a vertical pivot at g, and at one side ot' the yoke D, opposite to that on which the wheel-shaft is deflected, is an arm, H, rigidly secured to the swiveling cap-plate or turn-table G, said arm extending to the rear by the side of the tail-vane, and forming a support for a weighted lever, in a manner described in Letters Patent granted to me March 21, 1876. The outer end of said arm is connected by a brace, H', with the upper end of the swiveling-yoke D, said brace serving `to permit the arm H to be made much lighter than it could be without it.

The outer end ot' arm H has a vertical eye 0r sleeve bearing, in which is mounted a swivcling-pin, l, forked on its head or upper end to receive an elbow or bent lever, K, connected therewith by a horizontal pivot at 7c. The short upper arm k of the lever K is connected by a link, l, with a hook or eye at Z on the tail-vane, as shown, and the long arm of said lever has a sliding` weight, M, on it, said weight being connected by a jointed link, m m', with one ofthe arms l ofthe fork swivel-pin I, said arm being extended above the fulcrum of lever K, as shown, for that purpose.

,By this arrangement ot' the weighted lever K and its supports, it will be seen that as the arm is vibratcd with the wheel and turn-table relatively to the vane, and moves away from the latter, the link l, acting on the arm lc of the lever K, raises the weighted arm, and, as the latter rises approaching' the arm I', the weight is forced outward and away from the fulcrum of the lever by the link m m', and is thus made to increase the resistance offered by said weight to the deflection of the wheel from the face of the wind.

The swiveling-fulcrum of the weighted lever permits the latter to swing sufficiently to maintain at all times a direct line of resistance between the vane and the weighted lever, and avoids all cramping or twisting of the parts.

The weight is thrust outward or drawn inward, as the case may be, by the link m m', and the joint in the latter obviates all danger of accident to the link in the event of the movement of the weight on the arm being obstructed by ice or sleet, or from any other cause.

The joint in the link fm m is so formed as to permit upward deiection only from near aright line, and in practice is covered by a capplate, to protect it from sleet or ice, which would interfere with its action.

The hub of the wind-wheel is made in two parts, n al, though in practice these are cast together in one piece, forming a double hub, provided with short radial tubular arms or sockets, arranged in pairs n2 n3, set opposite each other or side by side, as shown. The

radial arms or spokes of the wheel consist of a rod, p, made by preference from gas-pipe, as giving the required strength with the least weight of metal, and these are bent midway of their length at p2, with the arm p1 diverging slightly from the Varm p as it approaches the hub n nl, for giving it a bracing action, and the two ends are secured in the tubular sockets n fn by set-screws or other suitable fastening device for holding them firmly united therewith.

The arms p are united lto the rings F of the wheel by means of clamps S, made in two parts, s s1, (see Fig. 3,) one made in angular form, notched at s2, to receive a tongue or ear, t, on the other, and both being perforated and slipped on the rod or arm p before the latter is secured to its hub, the two parts are united by through-bolts or other equivalent fastening device, clamping the ring firmly between them, as shown in Fig. l.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is y 1. The combination, with a wind wheel adapted to vibrate or swing from a position at or near a right angle to its vane to one parallel, or nearly so, therewith, of a sliding weight, for giving increased resistance as the wheel moves from its position at right angles, substantially as described.

2. The combination of the vibrating lever. K, provided with the sliding weight, with the the turn-table or swinging wind-wheel and its vane, substantially as and for the purpose described. l

3. The lever K, mounted on a swivelingfulcrum, l, and provided with a sliding weight, in combination with the wind-wheel, vibrating relatively to its vane, as described.

4.. The sliding weight M on the arm or lever K, in combination with the link for moving said weight out and in on said arm or lever, as described.

5. The jointed folding link m m', in combination with the weight M, sliding on the arm or lever, as described. A

6. rIhe sliding weight on the vibrating arm or lever K, connected by its actuating link with the arm El, at a point above the fulcrum of said lever, as described.

7. The radial wheel arms or spokes ppl, made from a single rod or piece, bent back upon itself, and having both arms or ends connected with the central hub, substantially as described.

8. The clamps S consisting ofthe interlocking-plates s s, for uniting the wheel with its arms, as described.

9. rlhe perforated clamp-plates s s1, in combination with the double arm p p1, having friction metal bearings b b1, the former made in hollow hemispherical or conical form, and

applied and operating as described.

GEO. S. STRONG.

the bracing arrangement described, for unit- Witnesses: ing said arms to the wind-Wheel, as set forth. ALEXANDER MAHON, 10. The cylinder B1, provided with the anti- JOHN G. CENTER. 

